Orthosis (Orthotic Devices)

• Definition: An orthosis is an external device applied to the body to support, align, prevent, or correct deformities, or to improve the function of movable body parts.
• Purpose: Primarily used to correct or assist a weakened or injured limb or part of the body.
• Common Uses:
  • Braces: To stabilize a joint or body part, like knee braces, ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs), or back braces.
  • Splints: Used temporarily for injuries or post-surgery to immobilize an area.
  • Foot orthotics: Insoles or shoe inserts used to correct gait or provide arch support.
• Materials: Typically made from plastic, metal, carbon fiber, or a combination of materials to provide the necessary support.
• Examples:
  • Spinal Orthosis: Worn to correct posture or support the spine.
  • AFO (Ankle-Foot Orthosis): Supports the ankle and foot to improve walking.

Prosthesis (Prosthetic Devices)

• Definition: A prosthesis is a device that replaces a missing body part, usually as a result of amputation, congenital disability, or injury.
• Purpose: To replace the function and appearance of the missing limb or body part.
• Common Uses:
  • Artificial Limbs: Prosthetic arms, legs, hands, or feet that allow for improved mobility and functionality.
  • Prosthetic Eyes: Cosmetic replacements for eyes.
  • Prosthetic Breasts: Used after mastectomies.
• Materials: Often made from lightweight, durable materials like silicone, plastic, titanium, or carbon fiber. Modern prostheses may include advanced electronics, such as sensors or motors, for more natural movement (e.g., myoelectric prostheses).
• Examples:
  • Lower Limb Prosthesis: A prosthetic leg or foot designed for walking, running, or other activities.
  • Upper Limb Prosthesis: A prosthetic arm or hand, sometimes with electronic components to assist in grasping and holding objects.

Key Differences

• Function: An orthosis is used to support or correct a body part, while a prosthesis replaces a missing one.
• Application: Orthoses are generally worn externally over the body (e.g., braces), whereas prostheses replace entire body parts (e.g., artificial limbs).
• Design: Orthoses are typically used temporarily (but sometimes long-term), while prostheses are more permanent solutions for missing limbs or body parts.

Both orthoses and prostheses play critical roles in rehabilitation, helping people improve mobility, function, and quality of life.